Citing GRASS Software

Please cite GRASS when using the software in your work. Here are some choices to cite the overall software project, a specific GRASS version being used, or the documentation to allow reproducibility.

Cite GRASS without a specific version

• GRASS Development Team, 2026. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Software, Open Source Geospatial Foundation. https://grass.osgeo.org,

Use the concept DOI when:

• referring to GRASS in general (e.g., in introductions or background sections),
• describing workflows where the exact version is not critical, or
• citing GRASS as a long-term research tool or infrastructure.

The concept DOI will always resolve to the latest version of GRASS and provide a stable reference to the software project over time.

Cite a specific GRASS version

GRASS 8.x - GRASS 7.8.6

Each GRASS release has its own version DOI identifying a precise, archived snapshot of the software (e.g., a specific 8.x release). All the version specific DOIs are linked to the concept DOI of the GRASS project.

• GRASS Development Team, 2026. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Software, Version 8.5.0 Open Source Geospatial Foundation. https://grass.osgeo.org,

All GRASS releases going back to GRASS Version 7.8.6 can be cited by a version DOI. Please refer to the GRASS Zenodo Landing Page for all specific version DOI.

GRASS Programmer’s Manual

• GRASS Development Team, 2026. Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Programmer’s Manual. Open Source Geospatial Foundation. Electronic document: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming8/

LaTeX

Use the following BibTeX entry for citing the GRASS software in scientific work written in LaTeX.

Please replace the concept DOI 10.5281/zenodo.5176030 in the BibTeX entry by a specific version DOI if necessary.

@Manual{GRASS_GIS_software,
    title = {Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS GIS) Software, Version 8.4},
    author = {{GRASS Development Team}},
    organization = {Open Source Geospatial Foundation},
    address = {USA},
@Manual{GRASS_software,
title = {Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) Software, Version 8.5},
author = {{GRASS Development Team}},
organization = {Open Source Geospatial Foundation},
address = {USA},
year = {2026},
    url = {https://grass.osgeo.org},
    doi = {10.5281/zenodo.5176030}
}

For more options see also: GRASS Citation Repository.

GRASS Google Scholar profile

Citing GRASS in your work enables us to track the impact of this open source software on research. Have a look at our Google Scholar profile for examples of GRASS applications in the most diverse fields. Are you using GRASS in your research and your publication is missing? Let us know and we will add it to the profile.