Note: This document is for an older version of GRASS GIS that is outdated. You should upgrade, and read the current manual page.

GRASS logo

NAME

d.rast.arrow - Draws arrows representing cell aspect direction for a raster map containing aspect data.

KEYWORDS

display, raster

SYNOPSIS

d.rast.arrow
d.rast.arrow help
d.rast.arrow [map=string] [type=string] [arrow_color=string] [grid_color=string] [x_color=string] [unknown_color=string] [skip=integer] [magnitude_map=string] [scale=float] [--verbose] [--quiet]

Parameters:

map=string
Name of raster aspect map to be displayed
type=string
Type of existing raster aspect map
Options: grass,compass,agnps,answers
Default: grass
arrow_color=string
Color for drawing arrows
Options: red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet,white,black,gray,brown,magenta,aqua,grey,cyan,purple
Default: green
grid_color=string
Color for drawing grid or "none"
Options: red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet,white,black,gray,brown,magenta,aqua,grey,cyan,purple,none
Default: gray
x_color=string
Color for drawing X's (Null values)
Options: red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet,white,black,gray,brown,magenta,aqua,grey,cyan,purple
Default: black
unknown_color=string
Color for showing unknown information
Options: red,orange,yellow,green,blue,indigo,violet,white,black,gray,brown,magenta,aqua,grey,cyan,purple
Default: red
skip=integer
Draw arrow every Nth grid cell
Default: 1
magnitude_map=string
Raster map containing values used for arrow length
scale=float
Scale factor for arrows (magnitude map)
Default: 1.0

DESCRIPTION

d.rast.arrow is designed to help users better visualize surface water flow direction, as indicated in an aspect raster map layer. There are two ways to specify the aspect layer the program is to use. The first is to display the aspect map layer on the graphics monitor before running d.rast.arrow. The second method involves setting the map parameter to the name of the desired aspect map. This allows the arrows to be drawn over any other maps already displayed on the graphics monitor.

d.rast.arrow will draw an arrow over each displayed cell to indicate in which direction the cell slopes. If the aspect layer has a category value denoting locations of "unknown" aspect, d.rast.arrow draws a question mark over the displayed cells of that category. Cells containing null data will be marked with an "X".

If you specify the magnitude_map option, arrow lengths denoting magnitude will be extracted from the cell values of the specified map. In this case the tail of the arrow will be centered on the source cell. You may adjust the overall scale using the scale option. d.rast.arrow will ignore NULL and negative magnitudes, and will warn you if the debug level is set at 5 or higher. Be aware. If your application uses negative values for magnitude, you can use r.mapcalc to prepare the magnitude map to suit your needs (absolute value, inverted direction and so on).

NOTES

By default, arrows are drawn at the size of a cell and cannot be seen if the raster map is relatively close in scale. You can use the skip option to draw arrows every n-th cell in both directions if you are working with relatively high resolutions. It may be useful to disable the grid in this case, which is accomplished by setting its color to "none".

For GRASS and Compass type aspect maps, the cell values of the aspect map will determine the corresponding direction in 360 degrees. ANSWERS type aspect maps will be plotted in multiples of 15 degrees, and AGNPS type aspect maps will be displayed in D8 representation, i.e. the eight multiples of 45 degrees.

GRASS aspect maps are measured using Cartesian conventions, i.e. in degrees counterclockwise from east. e.g.:

90  North
180 West
270 South
0,360 East

They can be created from a raster elevation map with r.slope.aspect.

Compass type aspect maps are measured in degrees clockwise from north.

This module uses oceanographic conventions, i.e. arrows point downslope or direction "to", as opposed to atmospheric conventions (direction "from").

EXAMPLE

Convert U,V velocity component maps into magnitide,direction maps for use with d.rast.arrow:
r.mapcalc "magnitude = sqrt(U_map^2 + V_map^2)"
r.mapcalc "direction = atan(U_map, V_map)"
d.rast.arrow map=direction type=grass magnitude_map=magnitude skip=3 grid=none

SEE ALSO

d.frame
d.rast
d.rast.edit
d.rast.num
g.region
r.slope.aspect

AUTHORS

Original author
Chris Rewerts
Agricultural Engineering,
Purdue University


Magnitude and 360 arrow code
Hamish Bowman
Department of Marine Science,
University of Otago, New Zealand

Last changed: $Date: 2011-11-08 03:23:06 -0800 (Tue, 08 Nov 2011) $


Main index - display index - Full index

© 2003-2014 GRASS Development Team