NAME
g.extension - Maintains GRASS Addons extensions in local GRASS installation.
Downloads and installs extensions from GRASS Addons repository or other source into the local GRASS installation or removes installed extensions.
KEYWORDS
general,
installation,
extensions,
addons,
download
SYNOPSIS
g.extension
g.extension --help
g.extension [-lcgasdifto] extension=name operation=string [url=url] [prefix=path] [proxy=proxy[,proxy,...]] [branch=branch] [--help] [--verbose] [--quiet] [--ui]
Flags:
- -l
- List available extensions in the official GRASS GIS Addons repository
- -c
- List available extensions in the official GRASS GIS Addons repository including module description
- -g
- List available extensions in the official GRASS GIS Addons repository (shell script style)
- -a
- List locally installed extensions
- -s
- Install system-wide (may need system administrator rights)
- -d
- Download source code and exit
- -i
- Do not install new extension, just compile it
- -f
- Force removal when uninstalling extension (operation=remove)
- -t
- Operate on toolboxes instead of single modules (experimental)
- -o
- url refers to a fork of the official extension repository
- --help
- Print usage summary
- --verbose
- Verbose module output
- --quiet
- Quiet module output
- --ui
- Force launching GUI dialog
Parameters:
- extension=name [required]
- Name of extension to install or remove
- Name of toolbox (set of extensions) when -t flag is given
- operation=string [required]
- Operation to be performed
- Options: add, remove
- Default: add
- url=url
- URL or directory to get the extension from (supported only on Linux and Mac)
- The official repository is used by default. User can specify a ZIP file, directory or a repository on common hosting services. If not identified, Subversion repository is assumed. See manual for all options.
- prefix=path
- Prefix where to install extension (ignored when flag -s is given)
- Default: $GRASS_ADDON_BASE
- proxy=proxy[,proxy,...]
- Set the proxy with: "http=<value>,ftp=<value>"
- branch=branch
- Specific branch to fetch addon from (only used when fetching from git)
g.extension downloads and installs, removes or updates
extensions (addons) from the official
GRASS GIS Addons repository
or from user-specified source code repositories into the local GRASS GIS
installation.
Two types of extensions are supported:
- Python scripts: they are installed without the need of compilation or (usually)
the need of special dependencies.
- Source code (mostly written in C programming language; may also be written
in C++, Fortran or other languages): while on MS-Windows systems the requested
GRASS GIS extension is downloaded pre-compiled from the GRASS GIS site, on Unix
based systems the installation is preceded by the automated download of the
extension's source code along with subsequent compilation and installation.
This requires a compiler environment to be present on the user's computer.
Re-running g.extension on an installed GRASS GIS Addon
extension re-installs the requested extension which may include
updates.
To bulk-update all locally installed GRASS GIS extensions,
g.extension.all module
is available.
GRASS GIS extensions are installed by
g.extension into a dedicated
directory.
The default is a directory for application data and settings inside
the user's home directory.
On GNU/Linux it is
$HOME/.grass8/addons,
on MS-Windows it is
%APPDATA%\Roaming\GRASS8\addons.
The name of the directory is stored in the
GRASS_ADDON_BASE
environmental variable.
The flag -s changes this install target directory to the GRASS GIS
installation directory
(determined by GISBASE environmental variable, e.g. /usr/)
rather than the default directory defined as per GRASS_ADDON_BASE
(see also documentation for variables).
g.extension checks if the user has permission to write to
GISBASE or GRASS_ADDON_BASE.
The place where the extensions are installed can be customized by
the option prefix. Ensuring that these extensions will be accessible
in GRASS GIS is in this case in the responsibility of the user.
GRASS GIS Addons repository on GitHub
By default,
g.extension installs extensions from the official
GRASS GIS Addons GitHub repository. However, different sources can be specified
using the
url option.
Individual extensions can also be installed by providing a URL to the
source code on GitHub or OSGeo Trac. The latter, however, works only for certain
directories where the download of ZIP files was enabled by project administrators
of the trac server.
Local source code directory
Optionally, new extension can be also installed from a source code placed
in a local directory on disk. This is advantageous when developing
a new module.
To keep the directory clean, the directory content is copied
to a temporary directory and the compilation happens there.
Source code in a ZIP or TAR archive
In addition, new extension can be also installed from a ZIP file
or an archive file from the TAR family (e.g.,
.tar.gz or
.bz2).
The file can be on disk (specified with a path), or on the web (specified by
an URL).
Online repositories: GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket
For well known general hosting services, namely GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket,
g.extension supports the download of a repository.
Here the user only needs to provide a base URL to the repository web page
(with or without the
https:// part).
For GitHub, GitLab and Bitbucket, the latest source code in the default
branch is downloaded, unless a specific branch is requested in the
branch option.
Of course, a user can still specify the full URL of a ZIP file e.g. for a
specific release and install the archived code in this way (ZIP file mechanism
will be applied).
For the official repository, g.extension supports listing available
extensions (addons) and few other metadata-related operations which
depend on a specific infrastructure.
For other sources and repositories, this is not supported because it is
assumed that other sources contain only one extension, typically a module
or group of modules with a Makefile at the root of the repository.
Needed directory layout
When none of the above sources is identified,
g.extension assumes
that the source is in a GitHub repository and uses the
git command
line tool to obtain the source code. The expected structure of the repository
should be the same as the one of the official repository.
Non-official sources are supported on all operating systems except for
MS-Windows.
On MS-Windows systems, where compilation tools are typically not readily
locally installed,
g.extension downloads a precompiled executable
from the GRASS GIS project server. On all other operating systems
where it is not difficult to install compilation tools,
g.extension downloads the source code of the requested
extension (addon) and compiles it locally.
This applies for both C and Python modules
as well as any other extensions. The reason is that more things such
as manual page are compiled, not only the source code (which is really
necessary to compile just in case of C).
Download and install
r.stream.distance into current GRASS installation
g.extension extension=r.stream.distance
This installs the extension from the official repository.
For convenience, a shorter syntax can be used:
g.extension r.stream.distance
Example for an open http proxy:
# syntax: http://proxyurl:proxyport
g.extension extension=r.stream.distance proxy="http=http://proxy.example.com:8080"
Example for a proxy with proxy authentication:
# syntax: http://username:password@proxyurl:proxyport
g.extension extension=r.stream.distance proxy="http=http://username:password@proxy.example.com:8080"
List all available extensions in the official GRASS GIS Addons repository:
List all locally installed extensions:
Removal of a locally installed extension:
g.extension extension=r.stream.distance operation=remove
Simple URL to GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket repositories:
g.extension r.example.plus url="https://github.com/wenzeslaus/r.example.plus"
Simple URL to GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket repositories from a specific (e.g. development) branch:
g.extension r.example.plus url="https://github.com/wenzeslaus/r.example.plus" branch=master
Simple URL to OSGeo Trac (downloads a ZIP file, requires download to be enabled in Trac):
g.extension r.example url=trac.osgeo.org/.../r.example
In general, when a ZIP file or other archive is provided, the full URL can be used:
g.extension r.example url=http://example.com/.../r.example?format=zip
Note that because of MS-Windows operating system architecture,
only official repository is supported on this platform.
To install a specific version from GRASS GIS Addons, specify the full
URL pointing to Trac code browser and include Subversion revision
number. For example, this installs the version number 57854 of
r.local.relief module:
g.extension r.local.relief url="https://trac.osgeo.org/grass/browser/grass-addons/grass7/raster/r.local.relief?rev=57854&format=zip"
Having source code of a GRASS module in a directory on disk
one can install it using:
g.extension r.example url=/local/directory/r.example/
In order to clone source code repositories, the
git command line
tool is required. The installation of single AddOns is most efficient with
versions of git that support so called
sparse checkout, which was
introduced with version 2.25. With older versions of git, the entire AddOns
repository will be downloaded.
On UNIX like systems, installation is done with the
make command line tool. For AddOns written in C / C++, a respective
build environment is needed.
Toolboxes in the official repository cannot be downloaded.
On MS-Windows, only the official repository is working
because there is no way of compiling the modules
(a Python replacement for Python scripts should be implemented).
Since extensions have to be compiled on Unix based systems (Linux, Mac OSX etc.)
unless a Python extension is installed, a full compiler environment must be
present on the user's computer.
While GRASS GIS is available on the user's computer, the respective development
package is lacking. If GRASS was installed from a (Linux) repository, also the
grass-dev* package (commonly named "grass-dev" or "grass-devel", sometimes along
with the version number) must be installed.
g.extension.all
GRASS GIS 8 Addons Manual pages
GRASS Addons wiki page.
Markus Neteler (original shell script)
Martin Landa, Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic (Python rewrite)
Vaclav Petras,
NCSU OSGeoREL (support for general sources, partial refactoring)
SOURCE CODE
Available at:
g.extension source code
(history)
Latest change: Friday May 03 14:49:35 2024 in commit: 763fa05e332664d1b5f883b4a26a81decf7757b3
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© 2003-2024
GRASS Development Team,
GRASS GIS 8.4.1dev Reference Manual