GRASS GIS manual: r.grow.distance

Note: A new GRASS GIS stable version has been released: GRASS GIS 7. Go directly to the new manual page here

NAME

r.grow.distance - Generates a raster map containing distances to nearest raster features.

KEYWORDS

raster, geometry

SYNOPSIS

r.grow.distance
r.grow.distance help
r.grow.distance [-m] input=name [distance=name] [value=name] [metric=string] [--overwrite] [--verbose] [--quiet]

Flags:

-m: Output distances in meters instead of map units
--overwrite: Allow output files to overwrite existing files
--verbose: Verbose module output
--quiet: Quiet module output

Parameters:

input=name: Name of input raster map
distance=name: Name for distance output map
value=name: Name for value output map
metric=string: Metric; Options: euclidean,squared,maximum,manhattan,geodesic; Default: euclidean

DESCRIPTION

r.grow.distance generates raster maps representing the distance to the nearest non-null cell in the input map and/or the value of the nearest non-null cell.

NOTES

The user has the option of specifying five different metrics which control the geometry in which grown cells are created, (controlled by the metric parameter): Euclidean, Squared, Manhattan, Maximum, and Geodesic.

The Euclidean distance or Euclidean metric is the "ordinary" distance between two points that one would measure with a ruler, which can be proven by repeated application of the Pythagorean theorem. The formula is given by:

d(dx,dy) = sqrt(dx^2 + dy^2)

Cells grown using this metric would form isolines of distance that are circular from a given point, with the distance given by the radius.

The Squared metric is the Euclidean distance squared, i.e. it simply omits the square-root calculation. This may be faster, and is sufficient if only relative values are required.

The Manhattan metric, or Taxicab geometry, is a form of geometry in which the usual metric of Euclidean geometry is replaced by a new metric in which the distance between two points is the sum of the (absolute) differences of their coordinates. The name alludes to the grid layout of most streets on the island of Manhattan, which causes the shortest path a car could take between two points in the city to have length equal to the points' distance in taxicab geometry. The formula is given by:

d(dx,dy) = abs(dx) + abs(dy)

where cells grown using this metric would form isolines of distance that are rhombus-shaped from a given point.

The Maximum metric is given by the formula

d(dx,dy) = max(abs(dx),abs(dy))

where the isolines of distance from a point are squares.

The Geodesic metric is calculated as geodesic distance, to be used only in latitude-longitude locations. It is recommended to use it along with the -m flag in order to output distances in meters instead of map units.

EXAMPLE

Distance from the streams network (North Carolina sample dataset):

g.region rast=streams_derived -p
r.grow.distance input=streams_derived distance=dist_from_streams

Distance from sea in meters in latitude-longitude location:

g.region rast=sea -p
r.grow.distance -m input=sea distance=dist_from_sea_geodetic metric=geodesic

AUTHORS

Glynn Clements

Last changed: $Date: 2014-02-01 13:56:18 -0800 (Sat, 01 Feb 2014) $

Main index - raster index - Full index