| r.accumulate |
Calculates weighted flow accumulation, subwatersheds, stream networks, and longest flow paths using a flow direction map. |
| r.agent.aco |
Agents wander around on the terrain, marking paths to new locations. |
| r.agent |
Toolset for agent based modeling |
| r.agent.rand |
Agents wander around on the terrain, marking paths to new locations. |
| r.area.createweight |
Create a dasymetric weighting layer with Random Forest |
| r.area |
Calculates area of clumped areas and remove areas smaller or greater than given threshold. |
| r.basin |
Morphometric characterization of river basins |
| r.bearing.distance |
Find the bearing and/or straight-line distance from all non-null cells to the specified point. |
| r.bioclim |
Calculates bioclimatic indices. |
| r.bitpattern |
Compares bit patterns with a raster map. |
| r.boxplot |
Draws the boxplot of raster values. Optionally, this is done per category of a zonal raster layer |
| r.buildvrt.gdal |
Build GDAL Virtual Rasters (VRT) over GRASS GIS raster maps |
| r.catchment |
Creates a raster buffer of specified area around vector points using cost distances using r.walk. |
| r.category.trim |
Export categories and corresponding colors as QGIS color file or csv file. Non-existing categories and their color definitions will be removed. |
| r.cell.area |
Calculate cell sizes within the computational region |
| r.centroids |
Creates vector map of centroids from raster of "clumps". |
| r.change.info |
Landscape change assessment |
| r.clip |
Extracts portion of the input raster map which is in the current computational region |
| r.colors.contrastbrightness |
Change the contrast/brightness of a raster. |
| r.colors.cubehelix |
Create or apply a cubehelix color table to a GRASS raster map |
| r.colors.matplotlib |
Convert or apply a Matplotlib color table to a GRASS raster map |
| r.colors.out_sld |
Exports the color table associated with a raster map layer in SLD format. |
| r.confusionmatrix |
Calculates a confusion matrix and accuracies for a given classification using r.kappa. |
| r.connectivity.corridors |
Compute corridors between habitat patches of an input-layer based on (cost) distance raster maps |
| r.connectivity.distance |
Compute cost-distances between patches of an input vector map |
| r.connectivity |
Toolset for conducting connectivity analysis of ecological networks |
| r.connectivity.network |
Compute connectivity measures for a set of habitat patches based on graph-theory |
| r.convergence |
Calculate convergence index. |
| r.cpt2grass |
Convert or apply a GMT color table to a GRASS raster map |
| r.crater |
Creates meteorites from craters (-c) or craters from meteorites (default). |
| r.damflood |
Estimate the area potentially inundated in case of dam break |
| r.denoise |
r.denoise - denoise topographic data |
| r.divergence |
Computes divergence of a vector field defined by magnitude and direction |
| r.diversity |
Calculate diversity indices based on a moving window using r.li packages |
| r.droka |
Calculates run-out distance of a falling rock mass |
| r.edm.eval |
Computes evaluation statistics for a given prediction layer |
| r.euro.ecosystem |
Sets colors and categories of European ecosystem raster data set |
| r.exdet |
Quantification of novel uni- and multi-variate environments |
| r.extract |
Extracts specified categories of an integer input map. |
| r.fidimo |
Calculating fish dispersal in a river network from source populations with species specific dispersal parameters |
| r.fill.category |
Replaces the values of pixels of a given category with values of the surrounding pixels. |
| r.findtheriver |
Find the stream pixel nearest the input coordinate |
| r.flexure |
Computes lithospheric flexural isostasy |
| r.flip |
Flips an image. |
| r.flowaccumulation |
Calculates flow accumulation from a flow direction raster map using the Memory-Efficient Flow Accumulation (MEFA) parallel algorithm by Cho (2023). |
| r.flowfill |
Moves water downhill into pools or the ocean/map edge |
| r.forcircular |
Evaluation of circular bioeconomy level of forest ecosystems |
| r.forestfrag |
Computes the forest fragmentation index (Riitters et al. 2000) |
| r.fusion |
image fusion, generalized pan-sharpening |
| r.futures.calib |
Module for calibrating patch characteristics used as input to r.futures.pga |
| r.futures.demand |
Script for creating demand table which determines the quantity of land change expected. |
| r.futures.devpressure |
Module for computing development pressure |
| r.futures.gridvalidation |
Module for validating land change simulation on a grid |
| r.futures |
FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES) |
| r.futures.parallelpga |
Module uses Patch-Growing Algorithm (PGA) to simulate urban-rural landscape structure development. |
| r.futures.pga |
Module uses Patch-Growing Algorithm (PGA) to simulate urban-rural landscape structure development. |
| r.futures.potential |
Module for computing development potential as input to r.futures.pga |
| r.futures.potsurface |
Module for computing development potential surface from CSV file created by r.futures.potential and predictors |
| r.futures.simulation |
Simulates landuse change using FUTure Urban-Regional Environment Simulation (FUTURES). |
| r.futures.validation |
Module for land change simulation validation and accuracy assessment |
| r.fuzzy.logic |
Performs logical operations on membership images created with r.fuzzy.set or different method. Use families for fuzzy logic. |
| r.fuzzy.set |
Calculate membership value of any raster map according user's rules. |
| r.fuzzy.system |
Fuzzy logic classification system with multiple fuzzy logic families implication and defuzzification and methods. |
| r.gdd |
Makes each output cell value a function of the values assigned to the corresponding cells in the input raster map layers. |
| r.gradient |
Create a gradient map |
| r.green.biomassfor.co2 |
Calculates impact and multifunctionality values |
| r.green.biomassfor.financial |
Estimates bioenergy that can be collected to supply heating plants or biomass logistic centres and that is associated with a positive net revenue for the entire production process |
| r.green.biomassfor.impact |
Calculates impact and multifunctionality values |
| r.green.biomassfor.legal |
Estimates potential bioenergy depending on forest increment, forest management and forest treatment |
| r.green.biomassfor |
Toolset for computing the energy potential of biomass from the forestry residues, considering different limits and constraints |
| r.green.biomassfor.recommended |
Estimates potential bioenergy according to environmental restriction |
| r.green.biomassfor.technical |
Estimates the quantity of woody biomass obtained from a forest surface where extraction is possible given a particular level of mechanisation |
| r.green.biomassfor.theoretical |
Estimates potential bioenergy depending on forest increment, forest management and forest treatment |
| r.green.gshp |
Toolset for computing the Ground Source Heat Pump |
| r.green.gshp.technical |
Calculate the Ground Source Heat Pump technical potential using the ASHRAE method. |
| r.green.gshp.theoretical |
Calculate the Ground Source Heat Pump potential |
| r.green.hydro.closest |
Move points to the closest vector map |
| r.green.hydro.delplants |
Delete segments where there is an existing plant |
| r.green.hydro.discharge |
Calculate average natural discharge and minimum flow following regional law an |
| r.green.hydro.financial |
Assess the financial costs and values |
| r.green.hydro |
Computes the residual energy potential of different renewable energies like biomass or hydropower |
| r.green.hydro.optimal |
Detect the position of the potential hydropower plants that can produce the highest possible power |
| r.green.hydro.planning |
Calculate hydropower energy potential with user's recommendations |
| r.green.hydro.recommended |
Calculate hydropower energy potential with user's recommendations |
| r.green.hydro.structure |
Compute channels and penstocks |
| r.green.hydro.technical |
Hydropower potential with technical constraints |
| r.green.hydro.theoretical |
Calculate the hydropower energy potential for each basin starting from discharge and elevation data. If existing plants are available it computes the potential installed power in the available part of the rivers. |
| r.green |
Toolset for computing the residual energy potential of different renewable energies |
| r.gsflow.hydrodem |
Creates hydrologically correct MODFLOW DEM from higher-res DEM |
| r.gwr |
Calculates geographically weighted regression from raster maps. |
| r.hand |
Performs Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) analysis and flood inundation mapping with HAND method. |
| r.hants |
Approximates a periodic time series and creates approximated output. |
| r.hazard.flood |
Fast procedure to detect flood prone areas. |
| r.houghtransform |
Performs Hough transformation and extracts line segments from image. Region shall be set to input map. Can work only on small images since map is loaded into memory. |
| r.hydro.flatten |
Derive elevation of water bodies for hydro-flattening |
| r.hydrobasin |
Delineates a large number of watersheds using the Memory-Efficient Watershed Delineation (MESHED) OpenMP parallel algorithm by Cho (2025). |
| r.hydrodem |
Hydrological conditioning, sink removal |
| r.hypso |
Outputs a hypsometric and hypsographic graph. |
| r.in.ahn |
Imports the 0.5 meter resolution dtm or dsm from the AHN (Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (AHN), version 4. |
| r.in.nasadem |
Creates a DEM from 1 arcsec NASADEM tiles. |
| r.in.ogc.coverages |
Downloads and imports data from OGC API Coverages server. |
| r.in.ogc |
Toolset for import of raster data from several OGC API standards |
| r.in.pdal |
Creates a raster map from LAS LiDAR points using univariate statistics and r.in.xyz. |
| r.in.srtm.region |
Creates a DEM from 3 arcsec SRTM v2.1 or 1 arcsec SRTM v3 tiles. |
| r.in.usgs |
Download user-requested products through the USGS TNM API |
| r.in.wcs |
Downloads and imports coverage from WCS server. |
| r.info.iso |
Creates metadata based on ISO standard for specified raster map. |
| r.jpdf |
From two series of input raster maps, calculates the joint probability function and outputs the probabilities of occurrence in the specified bins. |
| r.lake.series |
Fills lake at given point(s) to given levels. |
| r.landscape.evol |
Simulates the cumulative effect of erosion and deposition on a landscape over time. |
| r.landscape.evol.old |
Simulates the cumulative effect of erosion and deposition on a landscape over time. |
| r.le.patch |
Calculates attribute, patch size, core (interior) size, shape, fractal dimension, and perimeter measures for sets of patches in a landscape. |
| r.le.pixel |
Contains a set of measures for attributes, diversity, texture, juxtaposition, and edge. |
| r.learn.ml |
Supervised classification and regression of GRASS rasters using the python scikit-learn package |
| r.learn.ml2 |
Supervised classification and regression with scikit-learn |
| r.learn.predict |
Apply a fitted scikit-learn estimator to rasters in a GRASS GIS imagery group. |
| r.learn.train |
Supervised classification and regression of GRASS rasters using the python scikit-learn package. |
| r.local.relief |
Creates a local relief model from elevation map. |
| r.mapcalc.tiled |
Runs r.mapcalc in parallel over tiles. |
| r.massmov |
Estimates run-out and deposition of landslide phenomena over a complex topography. |
| r.maxent.lambdas |
Computes raw or logistic prediction maps from MaxEnt lambdas files |
| r.maxent.predict |
Use a Maxent model to create a suitability distribution layer |
| r.maxent.setup |
Helper module to install Maxent to the addon directory |
| r.maxent.train |
Create and train a Maxent model |
| r.mblend |
Blends two rasters of different spatial resolution. |
| r.mcda.ahp |
Generates a raster map classified with analytic hierarchy process (AHP). |
| r.mcda.electre |
Multicirtieria decision analysis based on ELECTRE method |
| r.mcda.input |
Generates a raster map classified with Dominance Rough Set Approach. Use *.rls file from JAMM, 4eMka2 etc. |
| r.mcda.output |
Exports criteria raster maps and decision raster map in a *.isf file (e.g. 4eMka2, jMAF) for dominance rough set approach analysis. |
| r.mcda.promethee |
Multicirtieria decision analysis based on PROMETHEE method |
| r.mcda.roughset |
Generates a MCDA map from several criteria maps using Dominance Rough Set Approach. |
| r.mcda.topsis |
Generates a MCDA map based on TOPSIS algorthm. |
| r.meb |
Compute the multivariate environmental bias (MEB) |
| r.mess |
Computes multivariate environmental similarity surface (MES) |
| r.mregression.series |
Calculates multiple regression between time series: Y(t) = b1X1(t) + ... + bnXn(t). |
| r.mwprecip |
Module for working with microwave links |
| r.neighborhoodmatrix |
Calculates geometry parameters for raster objects. |
| r.niche.similarity |
Computes niche overlap or similarity |
| r.northerness.easterness |
Calculation of northerness, easterness and the interaction between northerness and slope |
| r.null.all |
Manages NULL values of raster maps in a mapset or their subset. |
| r.object.activelearning |
Active learning for classifying raster objects |
| r.object.spatialautocor |
Spatial autocorrelation of raster objects |
| r.object.thickness |
Evaluates minimum, maximum and mean thickness of objects of a given category on a raster map. |
| r.out.kde |
Exports raster with variable transparency into an image file |
| r.out.legend |
Create an image file showing the legend of a raster map |
| r.out.maxent_swd |
Exports map data as input to MaxEnt in SWD format |
| r.out.ntv2 |
Exports NTv2 datum transformation grid |
| r.out.tiff |
Exports a GRASS raster map to a 8/24bit TIFF image file. |
| r.patch.smooth |
Module for patching rasters with smoothing along edges |
| r.pi.corr.mw |
Moving window correlation analysis. |
| r.pi.csr.mw |
Complete Spatial Randomness analysis on moving window. |
| r.pi.energy |
Individual-based dispersal model for connectivity analysis - energy based. |
| r.pi.energy.pr |
Individual-based dispersal model for connectivity analysis (energy based) using iterative patch removal. |
| r.pi.enn |
Analysis of n-th Euclidean Nearest Neighbor distance. |
| r.pi.enn.pr |
Patch relevance for Euclidean Nearest Neighbor patches. |
| r.pi.export |
Export of patch based information. |
| r.pi.fnn |
Determines patches of given value and performs a nearest-neighbor analysis. |
| r.pi.graph.dec |
Graph Theory - successive criteria-based deletion of patches. |
| r.pi.graph |
Graph Theory for connectivity analysis. |
| r.pi.graph.pr |
Graph Theory - iterative removal (patch relevance analysis). |
| r.pi.graph.red |
Graph Theory - decreasing distance threshold option. |
| r.pi.grow |
Size and suitability based region growing. |
| r.pi.import |
Import and generation of patch raster data |
| r.pi.index |
Basic patch based indices |
| r.pi.lm |
Linear regression analysis for patches. |
| r.pi |
Toolset for multiscale analysis of landscape patch structure |
| r.pi.neigh |
Neighbourhood analysis - value of patches within a defined range. |
| r.pi.nlm.circ |
Creates a random landscape with defined attributes. |
| r.pi.nlm |
Creates a random generated map with values 0 or 1by given landcover and fragment count. |
| r.pi.nlm.stats |
Neutral Landscape Generator - index statistics |
| r.pi.odc |
Omnidirectional connectivity analysis |
| r.pi.prob.mw |
Probability analysis of 2 random points being in the same patch. |
| r.pi.prox |
Calculates correlation of two raster maps by calculating correlation function of two corresponding rectangular areas for each raster point and writing the result into a new raster map. |
| r.pi.rectangle |
Generates a rectangle based on a corner coordinate. |
| r.pi.searchtime |
Individual-based dispersal model for connectivity analysis (time-based) |
| r.pi.searchtime.mw |
Individual-based dispersal model for connectivity analysis (time-based) using moving window |
| r.pi.searchtime.pr |
Individual-based dispersal model for connectivity analysis (time-based) using iterative removal of patches |
| r.popgrowth |
Set of population models (fisheries science) |
| r.pops.spread |
A dynamic species distribution model for pest or pathogen spread in forest or agricultural ecosystems (PoPS) |
| r.prominence |
Calculates Llobera's prominence index |
| r.quantile.ref |
Determines quantile for input value from reference raster map layers. |
| r.random.walk |
Performs a 2D random walk inside the computational region and returns the resulting walk. |
| r.random.weight |
Generates a binary raster layer with a random selection of raster cells depending on the weight of each cell in the input weight layer. |
| r.recode.attr |
Recode raster based on the values in one or more columns in a csv file. |
| r.regression.series |
Makes each output cell value a function of the values assigned to the corresponding cells in the input raster map layers. |
| r.resamp.tps |
Performs thin plate spline interpolation with regularization and covariables. |
| r.richdem.breachdepressions |
Breaches depressions using RichDEM |
| r.richdem.filldepressions |
Floods depressions using RichDEM |
| r.richdem.flowaccumulation |
Calculates flow accumulation via one of a variety of methods. |
| r.richdem.resolveflats |
Directs flow from flat areas on depression-filled DEMs |
| r.richdem.terrainattribute |
Calculates local terrain attributes. |
| r.rock.stability |
A tool for preliminary rock failure susceptibility mapping. |
| r.roughness.vector |
Calculates surface roughness in a moving-window, as the orientation of vectors normal to surface planes. |
| r.sample.category |
Create sampling points from each category in a raster map |
| r.scatterplot |
Creates a scatter plot of two or more raster maps as a vector map |
| r.seasons |
Extracts seasons from a time series. |
| r.series.boxplot |
Draws the boxplot of raster values of a series of input rasters. |
| r.series.decompose |
Calculates decomposition of time series X. |
| r.series.diversity |
Compute diversity indici over input layers |
| r.series.filter |
Performs filtering of raster time series X (in time domain). |
| r.series.lwr |
Approximates a time series and creates approximated, gap-filled output. |
| r.shaded.pca |
The combined shades highlight terrain features which wouldn't be visible using standard shading technique. |
| r.shalstab |
A model for shallow landslide susceptibility. |
| r.sim.terrain |
Dynamic landscape evolution model |
| r.sim.water.mp |
Overland flow hydrologic simulation using path sampling method (SIMWE). |
| r.skyline |
Compute the skyline index and / or find the horizon cells in a raster viewshed. |
| r.skyview |
Computes skyview factor visualization technique. |
| r.slope.direction |
Calculates slope following a direction raster. |
| r.slopeunits.clean |
Clean results of r.slopeunits.create |
| r.slopeunits.create |
Create a raster layer of slope units |
| r.slopeunits |
Toolset for calculating metrics for slope units |
| r.slopeunits.metrics |
Create metrics for slope units |
| r.slopeunits.optimize |
Optimize inputs for slope units |
| r.smooth.seg |
Generates a piece-wise smooth approximation of the input raster and a discontinuity map. |
| r.soillossbare |
Calculates annual soil loss [t/(ha*a)] for bare soil. Use r.soillosscropland.py afterwards for grown soil. |
| r.soils.texture |
Define soil texture from sand and clay grid. |
| r.stone |
The STONE rockfall module |
| r.stream.basins |
Input can be stream network, vector point map with outlets or outlet coordinates. |
| r.stream.channel |
Calculates local parameters for individual streams. |
| r.stream.distance |
The module can work in stream mode where target are streams and outlets mode where targets are outlets. |
| r.stream.order |
Basic module for topological analysis of drainage network. |
| r.stream.segment |
Divides network into near straight-line segments and calculate its order. |
| r.stream.slope |
Calculates local parameters for slope subsystem. |
| r.stream.snap |
Input can be stream network, point vector map with outlets or outlet coordinates. |
| r.stream.stats |
Calculates Horton's statistics for Strahler and Horton ordered networks created with r.stream.order. |
| r.stream.variables |
Calculation of contiguous stream-specific variables that account for the upstream environment (based on r.stream.watersheds). |
| r.stream.watersheds |
Sub-watershed and sub-stream delineation based on the drainage direction and a gridded stream network. |
| r.subdayprecip.design |
Computes subday design precipitation totals. |
| r.suitability.regions |
From suitability map to suitable regions |
| r.sun.daily |
Runs r.sun for multiple days in loop (mode 2) |
| r.sun.hourly |
Runs r.sun in loop for given time range within one day (mode 1 or 2) |
| r.surf.idw2 |
Provides surface interpolation from raster point data by Inverse Distance Squared Weighting. |
| r.surf.nnbathy |
Interpolates a raster map using the nnbathy natural neighbor interpolation program. |
| r.survey |
Returns maps of visibility indexes from multiple survey points |
| r.terrain.texture |
Unsupervised nested-means algorithm for terrain classification |
| r.texture.tiled |
Runs r.texture in parallel over tiles |
| r.threshold |
Find optimal threshold for stream extraction |
| r.to.vect.lines |
Convert raster rows to vector lines. |
| r.to.vect.tiled |
Converts a raster map into vector tiles. |
| r.tpi |
Calculates the multiscale topographic position index |
| r.traveltime |
Computes the travel time of surface runoff to an outlet |
| r.tri |
Computes the Terrain Ruggedness Index. |
| r.univar2 |
Calculates univariate statistics from the non-null cells of a raster map. |
| r.valley.bottom |
Calculation of Multi-resolution Valley Bottom Flatness (MrVBF) index |
| r.vect.stats |
Bins vector points into a raster map. |
| r.vector.ruggedness |
Vector Ruggedness Measure |
| r.viewshed.cva |
Undertakes a "cumulative viewshed analysis" using a vector points map as input "viewing" locations, using r.viewshed to calculate the individual viewsheds. |
| r.viewshed.exposure |
Computes visual exposure to defined exposure source using weighted parametrised cumulative viewshed analysis. |
| r.vif |
To calculate the stepwise variance inflation factor. |
| r.vol.dem |
Creates a 3D raster model (voxels) from a series of raster DEMs |
| r.wateroutlet.lessmem |
Creates watershed basins from a drainage direction map. |
| r.width.funct |
Calculates the Width Function of a watershed basin. |
| r.windfetch |
Computes wind fetch which is the length of water over which winds blow without obstruction |
| r.zonal.classes |
Calculates zonal classes proportion describing raster areas's composition, e.g., in terms of land-cover classes. |
